What is nitroglycerin and how does it work?
this is a drug used to treat angina pectoris and anal fissures It works by promoting blood circulation.
The body breaks down nitroglycerin into nitric oxide Nitric oxide causes the smooth muscles of blood vessels to relax This allows veins and arteries to open up, allowing more blood to flow. Health professionals call this action vasodilation
During an attack of angina, a person feels severe chest pain this drug will start working within 1-3 minutes
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, but its maximum effect occurs after 5 minutes
Different forms of the drug start working at different times depending on their formulation For example:
- Sublingual tablet: 1 to 3 minutes
- Spray on the tongue: 1 to 3 minutes
- Sustained-release tablets: 60 minutes
- Topical ointments: 15-30 minutes
- Transdermal patches: 30 minutes
- Intravenous: Immediately
The maximum effect of a drug also depends on its formulation. For example:
Sublingual lozenge: 7 minutes
Spray on the tongue: 4 to 15 minutes
Extended-release tablet: 2.5 to 4 hours
Topical ointment: 60 minutes
Transdermal patches: 120 minutes
Intravenous: Immediately
When people use nitroglycerin for anal fissures, the ointment relaxes the anal sphincter, the muscle tissue around the anus, and reduces pressure inside the anus This increases blood flow to the area and helps the fissure heal
use
Doctors often prescribe nitroglycerin to treat the pain associated with angina
Narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the heart is the cause of unstable angina Doctors call this condition coronary artery disease (CAD)
Coronary artery disease is the most common type of heart disease Nearly 366,000 people
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In the United States, people die every year from coronary artery disease. this drug causes blood vessels to open, allowing oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood to nourish the heart muscle This action provides immediate relief from chest pain
People can also use this drug to treat anal fissures An anal fissure is a tear in the skin of the anus People can develop anal fissures due to hard stools Similar to its effect on angina pectoris, this drug is used as a rectal ointment helps in the healing process by stimulating blood flow to the affected area
How to take it
The following table lists the different formulations of nitroglycerin.
Form of nitroglycerin | How to use |
aerosol solution packet pumpspray tablet |
dissolve under the tongue |
ointment 24-hour patch |
apply to the skin |
rectal ointment | rectal use only |
side effects
People can experience many side effects when using this drug , including:
- Headache
- Dizziness
- weakness
- irregular heartbeat
- nausea
- Vomit
- Excessive sweating
- dizzy
People should sit relaxed while taking this drug for angina.
After using nitroglycerin, a person’s blood pressure will drop significantly. If they get up too quickly after taking the medicine, their blood pressure may drop even lower and they may faint.
The most common side effect of long-acting nitroglycerin is headache, but this side effect decreases as the drug is used.
Even if people only apply rectal ointment to the anus, they may still experience headaches and dizziness
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